CIENCIASMEDICASNEWS: Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Markers of Immune Activation... : JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

lunes, 17 de febrero de 2014

Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Markers of Immune Activation... : JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes:

1 January 2014 - Volume 65 - Issue 1 - p 42–49

doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a9466a

Clinical Science

Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Markers of Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents: The CaroVIH Study

Sainz, Talía MD^,†; Álvarez-Fuente, María MD^‡; Navarro, María Luisa MD, PhD^†; Díaz, Laura PhD^; Rojo, Pablo MD, PhD^§; Blázquez, Daniel MD^§; Isabel de José, María MD, PhD^‖; Ramos, José Tomás MD, PhD^¶; Serrano-Villar, Sergio MD, PhD^#; Martínez, Jorge MD^**; Medrano, Constancio MD^‡; Muñoz-Fernández, María Ángeles MD, PhD^*; Mellado, María José MD, PhD^††

Abstract

Background: HIV-infected adults display increased cardiovascular disease, probably driven by inflammation and immune activation. These relationships have not been addressed in vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents, a population at very high risk for long-term non-AIDS complications.

Methods: Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was measured in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents and healthy controls. C-reactive protein and markers of immune activation (CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺) and immune senescence (CD28⁻CD57⁺) were determined.

Results: One hundred fifty HIV-infected patients and 150 controls were included, 64.8% female. IMT was thicker in HIV-infected patients (0.434 mm ± 0.025 vs. 0.424 mm ± 0.018, P< 0.001). After adjustment by age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status, HIV infection was independently associated with thicker IMT (odds ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval: 1.25 to 4.13; P = 0.007). Among HIV-related variables, a low CD4 nadir was related to an increased IMT. Although HIV-infected subjects presented higher frequencies of activated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells (P = 0.002 and P = 0.087, respectively), no relation was found between IMT and inflammation, immune activation, or senescence.

Conclusions: Structural changes of the vasculature present early in vertically HIV-infected subjects as well as immune activation and senescence. These patients should be carefully monitored for the prompt detection and early treatment of cardiovascular disease.