Current Highlight from May 16, 2014
Pathogenesis of Salmonella
Scientists from NCTR and the University of Arkansas have published a book chapter in Guide to Foodborne Pathogens, Second edition, that highlights the taxonomy and molecular typing methodologies to discriminate between and among Salmonella serovars. The traditional and rapid molecular methods of detecting Salmonella are discussed and the various strategic pre- and postharvest control strategies for controlling the spread of Salmonella in raw and processed foods are identified. The article further reviews the known aspects of etiology, pathogenesis pathways and mechanisms by which Salmonella can potentially cause diseases in humans. In addition, the article highlights the epidemiology of this pathogen, including prevalence data, vehicles of transmission and sources/reservoirs of outbreaks.
For additional information, please contact Rajesh Nayak, Ph.D., and Steven Foley, Ph.D., Division of Microbiology, FDA/NCTR.
Quantitative Assessments of Genotoxicity Data
NCTR scientists are members of the Quantitative Analysis Workgroup of the HESI/ILSI Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee. The committee has developed best practices to analyze genetic toxicology data in a quantitative manner. Several dose-response modeling approaches using genotoxicity databases compiled by the workgroup were the basis for analysis. The workgroup found that a Benchmark Dose (BMD), which produces a 10% increase over the background response (BMD10), has the greatest utility as a Point of Departure (PoD) for establishing risk calculations. These recommendations were published in Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.
For additional information, please contact Robert H. Heflich, Ph.D., Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, FDA/NCTR.
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