The advent of biologic agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was accompanied in parallel with emerging understanding of persisting underlying inflammation and ensuing bowel damage that can occur even in patients with seeming clinical remission. Therefore, to optimize biologic treatments of IBD, we must understand how to practically monitor IBD patients, which objective measures to follow, at what time-points and whether to act upon results in asymptomatic patients. In this article, the authors provide an exhaustive review of objective measures available for monitoring of IBD patients, focusing on the challenging group of patients treated by biologic agents.
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