The Edurant (rilipivirine) label was updated to include dosing recommendations for pregnant patients who are already on a stable Edurant regimen prior to pregnancy and who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies/mL). The major updates to the product labeling are as follows:
Section 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Recommended Dosage
For pregnant patients who are already on a stable EDURANT regimen prior to pregnancy and who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL) the recommended dosage is one 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal. Lower exposures of rilpivirine were observed during pregnancy, therefore viral load should be monitored closely.
Section 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1 Pregnancy
Clinical Considerations
Dose adjustments during pregnancy and the postpartum period
Based on the experience of HIV-1-infected pregnant women who completed a clinical trial through the postpartum period with a rilpivirine-based regimen, no dose adjustments are required for pregnant patients who are already on a stable EDURANT regimen prior to pregnancy and who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL). The recommended dosage is one 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal. Lower exposures of rilpivirine were observed during pregnancy, therefore viral load should be monitored closely.
Data
Human Data
Based on prospective reports to the APR of over 390 exposures to rilpivirine during pregnancy resulting in live births, (including over 247 exposed during first trimester), there was no significant difference between the overall risk of birth defects with rilpivirine compared to the background birth defect rate of 2.7% in the U.S. reference population of the MACDP. The prevalence of birth defects in live births was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.3% to 3.5%) and 1.4% (95% CI: 0.2% to 5.0%) following first and second/third trimester exposure, respectively, to rilpivirine- containing regimens.
Rilpivirine in combination with a background regimen was evaluated in a clinical trial of 19 HIV-1 infected pregnant women during the second and third trimesters and postpartum. Each of the women were on a rilpivirine-based regimen at the time of enrollment. Twelve subjects completed the trial through the postpartum period (6-12 weeks after delivery) and pregnancy outcomes are missing for six subjects. The exposure (C0h and AUC) of total rilpivirine was approximately 30 to 40% lower during pregnancy compared with postpartum (6 to 12 weeks). The protein binding of rilpivirine was similar (>99%) during second trimester, third trimester, and postpartum period. One subject discontinued the trial following spontaneous termination of the pregnancy at 25 weeks gestation due to suspected premature rupture of membranes. Among the 12 subjects who were virologically suppressed at baseline (less than 50 copies/mL), virologic response was preserved in 10 subjects (83.3%) through the third trimester visit and in 9 subjects (75%) through the 6-12 week postpartum visit. Virologic outcomes during the third trimester visit were missing for two subjects who were withdrawn (one subject was nonadherent to the study drug and one subject withdrew consent). Among the 10 infants with HIV test results available, born to 10 HIV-infected pregnant women, all had test results that were negative for HIV-1 at the time of delivery and up to 16 weeks postpartum. All 10 infants received antiretroviral prophylactic treatment with zidovudine. Rilpivirine was well tolerated during pregnancy and postpartum. There were no new safety findings compared with the known safety profile of rilpivirine in HIV–1-infected adults.
Section 12: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Special Populations
Pregnancy and Postpartum
The exposure (C0h and AUC24h) to total rilpivirine after intake of rilpivirine 25 mg once daily as part of an antiretroviral regimen was 30 to 40% lower during pregnancy (similar for the second and third trimester), compared with postpartum (see Table 7). However, the exposure during pregnancy was not significantly different from exposures obtained in Phase 3 trials. Based on the exposure-response relationship for rilpivirine, this decrease is not considered clinically relevant in patients who are virollogically suppressed. The protein binding of rilpivirine was similar (>99%) during the second trimester, third trimester, and postpartum.
Table 7: Pharmacokinetic Results of Total Rilpivirine After Administration of Rilpivirine 25 mg Once Daily as Part of an Antiretroviral Regimen, During the 2nd Trimester of Pregnancy, the 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy and Postpartum
Section 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Recommended Dosage
For pregnant patients who are already on a stable EDURANT regimen prior to pregnancy and who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL) the recommended dosage is one 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal. Lower exposures of rilpivirine were observed during pregnancy, therefore viral load should be monitored closely.
Section 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1 Pregnancy
Clinical Considerations
Dose adjustments during pregnancy and the postpartum period
Based on the experience of HIV-1-infected pregnant women who completed a clinical trial through the postpartum period with a rilpivirine-based regimen, no dose adjustments are required for pregnant patients who are already on a stable EDURANT regimen prior to pregnancy and who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL). The recommended dosage is one 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal. Lower exposures of rilpivirine were observed during pregnancy, therefore viral load should be monitored closely.
Data
Human Data
Based on prospective reports to the APR of over 390 exposures to rilpivirine during pregnancy resulting in live births, (including over 247 exposed during first trimester), there was no significant difference between the overall risk of birth defects with rilpivirine compared to the background birth defect rate of 2.7% in the U.S. reference population of the MACDP. The prevalence of birth defects in live births was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.3% to 3.5%) and 1.4% (95% CI: 0.2% to 5.0%) following first and second/third trimester exposure, respectively, to rilpivirine- containing regimens.
Rilpivirine in combination with a background regimen was evaluated in a clinical trial of 19 HIV-1 infected pregnant women during the second and third trimesters and postpartum. Each of the women were on a rilpivirine-based regimen at the time of enrollment. Twelve subjects completed the trial through the postpartum period (6-12 weeks after delivery) and pregnancy outcomes are missing for six subjects. The exposure (C0h and AUC) of total rilpivirine was approximately 30 to 40% lower during pregnancy compared with postpartum (6 to 12 weeks). The protein binding of rilpivirine was similar (>99%) during second trimester, third trimester, and postpartum period. One subject discontinued the trial following spontaneous termination of the pregnancy at 25 weeks gestation due to suspected premature rupture of membranes. Among the 12 subjects who were virologically suppressed at baseline (less than 50 copies/mL), virologic response was preserved in 10 subjects (83.3%) through the third trimester visit and in 9 subjects (75%) through the 6-12 week postpartum visit. Virologic outcomes during the third trimester visit were missing for two subjects who were withdrawn (one subject was nonadherent to the study drug and one subject withdrew consent). Among the 10 infants with HIV test results available, born to 10 HIV-infected pregnant women, all had test results that were negative for HIV-1 at the time of delivery and up to 16 weeks postpartum. All 10 infants received antiretroviral prophylactic treatment with zidovudine. Rilpivirine was well tolerated during pregnancy and postpartum. There were no new safety findings compared with the known safety profile of rilpivirine in HIV–1-infected adults.
Section 12: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Special Populations
Pregnancy and Postpartum
The exposure (C0h and AUC24h) to total rilpivirine after intake of rilpivirine 25 mg once daily as part of an antiretroviral regimen was 30 to 40% lower during pregnancy (similar for the second and third trimester), compared with postpartum (see Table 7). However, the exposure during pregnancy was not significantly different from exposures obtained in Phase 3 trials. Based on the exposure-response relationship for rilpivirine, this decrease is not considered clinically relevant in patients who are virollogically suppressed. The protein binding of rilpivirine was similar (>99%) during the second trimester, third trimester, and postpartum.
Table 7: Pharmacokinetic Results of Total Rilpivirine After Administration of Rilpivirine 25 mg Once Daily as Part of an Antiretroviral Regimen, During the 2nd Trimester of Pregnancy, the 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy and Postpartum
| Pharmacokinetics of total rilpivirine (mean ± SD, tmax : median [range]) | Postpartum (6-12 Weeks) (n=11) | 2nd Trimester of pregnancy (n=15) | 3rd Trimester of pregnancy (n=13) |
| C0h , ng/mL | 111 ± 69.2 | 65.0 ± 23.9 | 63.5 ± 26.2 |
| Cmin , ng/mL | 84.0 ± 58.8 | 54.3 ± 25.8 | 52.9 ± 24.4 |
| Cmax , ng/mL | 167 ± 101 | 121 ±45.9 | 123 ± 47.5 |
| tmax , h | 4.00 (2.03-25.08) | 4.00 (1.00-9.00) | 4.00 (2.00-24.93) |
| AUC24h , ng.h/mL | 2714 ± 1535 | 1792 ± 711 | 1762 ± 662 |
Steve Morin
Office of Health and Constituent Affairs
Food and Drug Administration
Food and Drug Administration
Kimberly Struble
Division of Antiviral Products
Food and Drug Administration
Division of Antiviral Products
Food and Drug Administration
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