Molecules of Neural Disorders
In this series of reviews, we take a look at the molecular basis of neural disorders. The topics addressed include: iPSC technology for autism models, CaMKII dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease, migroglia in neuropathic pain, metabotropic glutamate receptors in schizophrenia, and cortical kinate receptors in anxiety.
Molecules of Neural Disorders
Reviews in this themed series were commissioned by Professors Tim Bliss, Satoshi Kida and Graham Collingridge.
All submissions were handled by Tim Bliss and were independently and externally peer-reviewed.
Content Type:Review
NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in excitotoxic neuronal death caused by ischemic stroke, but NMDAR channel blockers have failed to be translated into clinical stroke treatmen...
Authors:Qiu Jing Wu and Michael Tymianski
Content Type:Research
The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is primarily localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane of steroid-synthesizing cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. One of the protein’s main function...
Authors:Xu-bo Li, An Liu, Le Yang, Kun Zhang, Yu-mei Wu, Ming-gao Zhao and Shui-bing Liu
Content Type:Research
Memory consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction have been shown to share similar molecular signatures, including new gene expression. Calpain is a Ca2+-dependent protease that exerts its effects through the...
Authors:Taikai Nagayoshi, Kiichiro Isoda, Nori Mamiya and Satoshi Kida
Content Type:Review
GABAergic inhibitory transmission is involved in the acute and chronic effects of ethanol on the brain and behavior. One-dose ethanol exposure induces transient plastic changes in GABAA receptor subunit levels, c...
Authors:Richard W. Olsen and Jing Liang
Content Type:Review
Depression is a polygenic and highly complex psychiatric disorder that remains a major burden on society. Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are some of the most commonly...
Authors:Christine N. Yohn, Mark M. Gergues and Benjamin Adam Samuels
Content Type:Review
Mounting evidence suggests that the nervous and immune systems are intricately linked. Many proteins first identified in the immune system have since been detected at synapses, playing different roles in norma...
Authors:Robert Nisticò, Eric Salter, Celine Nicolas, Marco Feligioni, Dalila Mango, Zuner A. Bortolotto, Pierre Gressens, Graham L. Collingridge and Stephane Peineau
Content Type:Review
Since 2009, evidence has accumulated to suggest that Tau aggregates form first in a small number of brain cells, from where they propagate to other regions, resulting in neurodegeneration and disease. Propagat...
Authors:Michel Goedert and Maria Grazia Spillantini
Content Type:Review
The study of glutamatergic synapses mainly focuses on the memory-related hippocampus. Recent studies in the cortical areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) show that excitatory synapses can undergo ...
Authors:Min Zhuo
Content Type:Review
Support for the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia has led to increasing focus on restoring proper glutamatergic signaling as an approach for treatment of this devastat...
Authors:James Maksymetz, Sean P. Moran and P. Jeffrey Conn
Content Type:Review
Microglia are dynamic immune cells with diverse roles in maintaining homeostasis of the central nervous system. Dysregulation of microglia has been critically implicated in the genesis of neuropathic pain. Per...
Authors:Josiane C. S. Mapplebeck, Simon Beggs and Michael W. Salter
Content Type:Review
CaMKII is a remarkably complex protein kinase, known to have a fundamental role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Further, CaMKII has also been suggested to be a tau kinase. CaMKII dysregulation may...
Authors:Anshua Ghosh and Karl Peter Giese
Content Type:Review
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social cognition, language development, and repetitive/restricted behaviors. Due to the complexity and heter...
Authors:Chae-Seok Lim, Jung-eun Yang, You-Kyung Lee, Kyungmin Lee, Jin-A Lee and Bong-Kiun Kaang
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